India

question of indigenous entrepreneurship

Entrepreneurship is an approach that involves employment as well as socio-economic development and respect for life.

Sushil Kumar Singh

Entrepreneurship is an approach that involves employment as well as socio-economic development and respect for life. Entrepreneurship is generally understood to mean the activity of an entrepreneur who undertakes any activity with the intention of earning profit by taking risks. In practical terms, indigenous entrepreneurship is not outside the scope of sustainable and inclusive growth.

Apart from Gram Swaraj and Sarvodaya, the dreams that Mahatma Gandhi had conceived during the colonial period were also Swadeshi. The direct concern of Swadeshi could not have resulted from Swadeshi entrepreneurship. India is a country of villages. In such a situation, the concept of ‘Gram Uday Se Bharat Uday’ is not irrational. Indigenous entrepreneurship is also in abundance from the point of view of agriculture.

Between 2013 and 2017 the number of agro-based innovative industries at the national level was three hundred and sixty six. These industries also got support from schemes like Startup India, Atal Innovation Mission, NewGen Mission and Entrepreneurship Development Center and Small Farmers Agri Business Association. Today the number of innovative industries related to agriculture has crossed four and a half hundred. Obviously, these industries are giving a new dimension to entrepreneurship and providing a big market with indigenous manufacturing of agricultural products.

The recent policy of the government to encourage innovative industries in the agriculture sector to increase the income of farmers and provide employment to the youth has also made some similar references. Innovation and Agricultural Entrepreneurship Development Program has been adopted under the Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana, in which it is a matter of giving one thousand one hundred and eighty-six lakh rupees to one hundred and twelve agricultural industries. A lot has changed after independence. The nature of enterprises has also changed. New experiments have also taken place.

Indigenous entrepreneurship is an idea and practice which is not very strong economically but is very fertile in naturalisation. In the bad times of Kovid-19, it became natural for both indigenous products and indigenous enterprises to be on the panel. From the dairy industry in the village to refining all the raw materials and making them available in the market and stepping into the vision of meeting the test of self-reliant India, it is a sign of indigenous entrepreneurship.

The World Bank had said years ago that if India’s women become active in terms of employment and enterprise, then the country’s GDP is sure to increase by more than four percent. There is no doubt that indigenous enterprises not only give sky to employment, they are also successful in giving height to self-reliance. It is worth noting that the slogan given by the central government to make vocal for the local in the time of epidemic, somewhere intensifies the concept of indigenous entrepreneurship.

Significantly, in the days of colonial rule, the Swadeshi movement was also taking place in India with a broader outlook. The sequence of manufacture and use of indigenous goods was also a major reason for the opposition to the British power in these days. The Swaraj movement and Swadeshi Enterprises were such weapons of the Indian national movement that it was easy to incite the masses to participate.

If history is carved, the idea of ​​economic swadeshi came in the second half of the nineteenth century. It was from here that I got a chance to get acquainted about the continuous economic exploitation by the colonial power in those days. Swadeshi entrepreneurship was one such tool in the fight for independence, which was needed not only to meet the needs, but also to change the Indian society. After the First World War, a large number of Indian businessmen started doing construction work instead of trading. By this time Mahatma Gandhi had entered the history of the Indian national movement.

Gandhi’s principle of non-violence and his idea of ​​trusteeship made a deep impact on eminent Indian businessmen. Before independence, India had developed such a self-reliance of indigenous entrepreneurship which was a sign of self-reliance in itself. After independence, the Community Development Program was started on October 2, 1952 to give self-reliance to rural development. However, the community development program had failed and its failure was the blossoming of the Panchayati Raj system.

An enterprise is an idea that is a combination of risk and profit. At present when government jobs are shrinking, it is becoming a necessity to adopt enterprise. However, in the heart of the minds of the Indian youth, there is a government job, not an enterprise. But in this era of technological development, all-round possibilities are now open, in which there is an indigenous entrepreneurship which can be developed in any form of small, medium and cottage. The structure of Indian enterprise is still largely traditional. Obviously, it is necessary to bring the winds of change in this.

Entrepreneurship is an approach that involves employment as well as socio-economic development and respect for life. Entrepreneurship is generally seen to mean that activity of an entrepreneur who undertakes any activity with the intention of earning profit by taking more or less risk. In practical terms, indigenous entrepreneurship is not outside the scope of sustainable and inclusive growth. Sustainable development has been an important issue for most enterprises in India. Significantly, now the preparation of enterprises will have to be according to the 2030 Agenda of the United Nations.

Mahatma Gandhi’s statement ‘India is a country of villages and its soul resides in the village’ is as relevant in the present times as it was earlier. A large part of the rural population today is facing unemployment. In the time of Corona, the situation is dire. The International Labor Organization (ILO) has made it clear that global unemployment is estimated to be twenty one million in 2022. India’s position in this matter is even worse. The reality is that unemployment has already crossed its record level. In such a situation, only the support of small enterprises can be helpful in getting out of troubles.

An estimate by the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) shows that the demand for food grains will increase to about 35 million tonnes in 2030. Accordingly, the production rate per year will have to be increased by fifty-five tonnes as compared to the present time. The Agricultural Skill Council of India was created in the year 2013 for skill and entrepreneurship development in agriculture and agriculture-related sectors.

Along with agriculture in the country, it was concerned with many agricultural related areas including animal husbandry, dairy, poultry. The Agricultural Skill Council of India has given training to one million trainees across the country. Make in India can also be called an example of indigenous enterprise in India. Agro-forestry, agro-tourism, agriculture with diversification at the commercial level are taking an edge in the field of agricultural enterprise.

The history of indigenous entrepreneurship goes back hundreds of years. But it is yet to be broadened over time. The country is celebrating the seventy-five anniversary of independence. Indian vaccination of corona is a model of indigenous enterprise. However, it is difficult to say that it is completely self-sufficient in this matter. The real objective of Azadi Ke Amrit Mahotsav is to preserve its history in each state and in each region so as to inspire future generations. It is imperative to place indigenous enterprise in the category of similar heritage. There is no doubt that in order to make the country strong, prosperous and self-reliant, along with good governance steps, the best indigenous entrepreneurship will have to be given wide space.

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