India

increasing population dwindling resources

With the increase in population, dwindling resources and rising unemployment are giving rise to many imminent problems in the country.

Akhilesh Aryandu

With the increase in population, dwindling resources and rising unemployment are giving rise to many imminent problems in the country. This creates obstacles in the way of development. Despite the strong role of various family planning schemes, campaigns and voluntary organizations by the central and state governments, the problem of population growth in India is becoming increasingly serious. Clearly, the government campaigns for family planning are proving to be a complete failure.

The reports coming about the increasing population of the world are shocking. According to the UN report, the population of the continent of Asia will reach five billion by 2050 and by the end of the century the world population will reach 12 billion. The interesting data is that by 2024 the population of China and India will be equal and in 2027 India will overtake China to become the most populous country in the world. But there are some comforting figures regarding the growing population, according to which there has been some slowdown in the pace of population in the last few decades, especially between 1971-81, the annual growth rate was 2.5 percent, which decreased to 1.3 percent during 2011-16. Percentage left.

The rapidly increasing population has an impact on the availability of essential things and resources like food and medicines, means of transport, electricity, and housing. Apart from this, the impact on the environment, hunger, unemployment and people’s health can also be clearly seen. Significantly, the growing population is being considered as the main reason for not getting better education, health facilities, employment, housing and balanced diet for everyone. Apart from this, malnutrition, poverty and unbalanced development are also the result of increasing population.

Central and state governments have been talking about providing better health, education, employment and balanced diet to the people since independence, but in the last seven and a half decades, more than half of the country’s population is neither getting better education nor Nor better health. Some interesting data about the increasing population has come from the National Family Health Survey. According to this, there is a variation in the Total Fertility Rate (TFR) on the basis of wealth and wealth.

In India, this figure is 3.2 children per woman in the poorest group, 2.5 children per woman in the middle group and 1.5 children per woman in the upper group. This shows that the growth of population is more in the economically weaker sections. At present, the population of youth in India’s population is more than twenty five crores, that is, every fifth person in the country is youth. In such a situation, providing employment, good health, balanced diet, education and housing to such a large population is a big challenge for a developing country like India.

In fact, being a democratic country since independence, to keep the population under control, India avoided the methods and measures that China and some other countries continued to adopt and got control over their population. Everyone has a fundamental right to live a better life, but if there is a hindrance in living a better life, then it becomes necessary to consider that aspect also.

It is important to note that the problem of population is different from all other problems. This is a personal matter. The idea of ​​increasing the population due to religion, caste, ease of agriculture and wages or other reasons will have to be re-understood. According to a social survey, the low income group is seen to have more children for the convenience of religion, caste or work. Therefore, there is a need for honest initiatives at the government and non-government level to increase their income. People should be told that it is in the best interest of both the child and the family to give them better education and better health by producing fewer children than by producing more.

There are many concerns associated with the increasing population. With the increase in population, dwindling resources and rising unemployment are giving rise to many imminent problems in the country. This creates obstacles in the way of development. Despite the strong role of various family planning schemes, campaigns and voluntary organizations by the central and state governments, the problem of population growth in India is becoming increasingly serious. Clearly, the government campaigns for family planning are proving to be a complete failure. Although the pace of population growth has slowed down, but due to the lower death rate than the birth rate, an increase of 18.14 crores was registered only between 2001 and 2010.

The same has been the case for the average population growth in the last five years. This increase is 17.64% more than the previous census figures. Even now, India’s population is growing at a rate of 1.3 percent per annum, which is two and a half times more than that of China’s 0.6. According to experts, there is a continuous shortage of water, land, food grains, coal, petroleum products and other essential resources. At present, there is a big problem of drinking water and even pure food grains. The problem of availability of pulses in India persists. The situation has reached to such an extent that contracts are being given to multinational companies to maintain the availability of water, milk and pulses in the market.

The result of this is that billions of foreign exchange is going out of India. Even today, education, health, employment and potable water have not been provided in most areas of the country, especially in rural areas. Due to this there is continuous migration from the villages and the urban population is continuously increasing. According to one figure, if the migration from villages to cities is not stopped, then by 2030 the population of cities will increase to more than 40 percent. This will lead to the burden of population and new problems in the cities. The social fabric has also been adversely affected due to migration and rapid changes in the nature of urban life. Crimes are increasing.

According to the National Crime Records Bureau, all the problems of increasing crime, diseases and disintegration in the society are the result of increasing population. The problem of increasing population in India is the lack of stabilization of population. Stabilization means that the number of people born in a year should be about the same as the number of people who die. That is, the imbalance between birth rate and death rate has become a big problem. According to scientific estimates, if the TFR rate had increased to 2.1 percent in 2020, then thirty-five years after that, the population would have stabilized in 2055. But due to the spread of corona, it could not be worked out. Significantly, the total fertility rate of the country at present is 2.3. The target was to bring it to 2.1 by 2020. Accordingly, a couple should not have more than only two children. The government had planned to bring the fertility rate to 2.1 by 2010, but it did not materialise. So ten years more time was fixed.

Surveys show that the understanding and need of a small family, a happy family is more in cities than in villages. Two or four people do not work for agriculture in the villages. Due to the increase in wages, getting all the work done by the laborers means to cultivate the deficit. That is why the need of joint family and big family remains here even today. Until this problem is properly solved, the success of family planning in villages seems doubtful. The government should devise some such schemes and methods so that agriculture and horticulture are not affected due to human labor force and people do not face problems after getting family planning done.

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